Good morning.
Welcome to the second day of the first International Conference
of Technical Research Organization.
Today we have two,
I'm sure, inspiring talks.
And we are going to start with Maria Teresa Arab,
who was born in Lipstadt and holds that degree in German
philology and also in translation and interpreted both her work
there by the university Complutense and
Maria.
This also has a master
in audio visual translation, localization, subtitling and dubbing
with English and German curricula languages
by strength
and ability in the humanities, language
and culture specialized in translation for one year.
Amanda is one and references in that media.
I The University
is one of those chosen translator and interpreter of Yemen.
She has several subjects from translation at the University
of Complutense memory for four years and is currently at the discipline
Professor at the USC.
So whenever you are ready, the floor is yours.
Thank you.
Thank you very much for your present to floating production
and for allowing me to present my research in these
great foreign
languages.
Cultural culture is expressed in words among other ways of expression,
and I have studied the taboo on offensive language
because I consider that this variety of languages are relevant
and very interesting way of expression,
by means of which we can identify
the specific cultural aspects
to a specific illustrative group of people,
of inhabitants of a certain region, and even of our country.
So we consider that this cultural element need
to be taken into account in the order of foreign languages.
Since this type of Lexis Marks in part alertness,
mastery of social, logistical, office of social linguistic competence
is also particularly interesting in the classroom as part of the extra
linguistic competence that the translator needs to provide.
So given the increase in the consumption
of a lot of useful products
in streaming platforms, above all in the format of a serious,
it seems helpful to use this product as a means of introduction
to using this variety of speech to the students of foreign languages,
and particularly to the students of visual translation.
So we have focused on the German language for two main reasons.
On the one side,
we have perceive to an increase in the offer of German productions
in the main streaming platforms, above all in the format
serious as we say with me with names of known us generation
word called here equal perforations of a new
of future or shaded
dark very well known or Babylon Berlin.
On the other side, the fact that the cultural references
of the German speaking world are not as commonly known
to the target audience as the American can be, is
and its rendering into the target language
constitutes a big challenge for the witty translators.
For our study, we are going to use the German taboo on offensive language
as the naming proposed by Fabian Avila.
CABRERA And we understand the terms as well as those
that may be considered inappropriate or unacceptable
depending on the context, culture, language or environment in which.
They are used.
We include
also this variety of language within the scope of cultural element
as one of the elements that make society different from any other
and that contribute to every culture having its own idiosyncrasy.
As stated by Russia Ghost
We are going to approach the analysis of the corpus
following a descriptive method method and we need a taxonomy
that help us classify the segments that we have taken out of these areas.
We are going to use this taxonomy of Avila Cabrera,
who distinguishes offensive terms and
various categories
and types, and also taboo
from taboo language with some other subcategories.
Once we have them
categorize each segment, we say within this
subcategory we stated the type of technique
that has been used for the translation
into Spanish and into English.
With help of these types of translation
techniques use proposed by some
the best ideas by the
based
on the cooperation of various US adaptation solutions in the part
of English and Spanish with regard to what the segments in the target
language would have looked like if they had been translated literally.
Okay, so there are many different
translation techniques as we can see, and we are going to see them
afterwards in our study. And
we have already
included in some of the elements and definitions of offensive language
that they do for these segments in German
offer.
So some entries are stated as discriminator
discriminating descriptions, some are
colloquial
and vulgar, all of them
within this standard level of language.
But the Corpus
that we have
studied are two serious.
One is named for blocks.
It shows the underground life of some districts in Berlin and like,
No, I can't spell word elimination of the four blocks of illegal business
that is drug dealing, prostitution, gambling and extortion
provoke constant fights between the different gangs
and of Lebanese, Turks and neo-Nazi.
And this one is called
Dux of Berlin and. The.
Murder of a famous football player.
And there are two cops that investigate it.
One is Hassan neo-Nazi past, and the other one is
of Turkish ascendancy and also homosexual.
So here we
have we find offensive language of a sign phobic homophobic nature.
In this cultural environment,
we have found out that the subtitles of toxic Berlin have been elaborated
from the translated
script already, so they do not differ much of the dubbing.
And we also suspect, but we have not been able to
provide to prove it because we couldn't get the
the translator that four blocks the previous series
has been translated from the English subtitles.
Actually,
this happens too often about okay,
hopefully
will not keep on
happening in the in the future because now the the these platforms
make more and corrections
and. The.
Quality control of the subtitles.
So in our case
study I am going to show you here only the statistics
that I have checked and how I have worked.
These are only for the two.
First capita episodes of each of these areas.
I have 70 pages of segments of
only taboo
language and offensive language to stop quite a lot.
And so I started to see also the time code where these appear
as the original version in German, Spanish version,
English version, and some context to help the
the translation and some and the techniques
that have been used in every in every case.
And this way you have been able to to check
which kind of
techniques are the mostly used and how they compare to the use
of this techniques in the translation to the to the English language.
So as I said, I can show you
all of them, but they are going to give you some examples.
And. The information
extracted from the analysis could help me.
We can get to the conclusion that there are some categories
that are not very used in our corpus of German taboo language,
and we have not heard them also.
A. Lot in the in the other series that we know
passing, for example, is not something that
German people use as much as Anglophone
people, although invective on substance insults.
There are a couple of them that are quite interesting.
But I would say in the state capitals
that only two of them that killing
also are not very much use
and profane and blasphemous and neither.
So we have seen that there is a big influence
of English in this subtitles in Spanish
in some of the segments.
In the original version, there are even structures
and words of English for simple bastard fucked with all. The.
Miscellaneous story, pussy, loeser, etc.
All of these have been found in the original version.
They are also an influence of English in the translated structures.
And so by speaking for example, this let me just translated
with the English structure
so we wouldn't say anything like that in Spanish.
In this context, what it is used
to say another language or something or something like that.
And this we have noticed also an interesting
difference in the spelling of words connector.
We are going to talk about it later.
It's a word that dates from. The.
Turkish environment and it is spelled as with G in German.
But this wouldn't cannot back in the Spanish titles
also as well as in D in the English subtitles.
And this in the we have seen also that
some translations of Spanish
come from the English language because for example,
this one, the first option literally means the cops.
They are, but I am
sure, but I have actually met to see that they are going to
to get what is worse for them and it is
they did marketing with other probably from the English.
They better watch out or for dumb dishes.
So that is
murder is translated for the US, which has nothing to do with it.
Probably again for because of the English influence.
We have seen also that for the translation into Spanish
that the translators use more techniques in Spanish.
One of the reasons is probably because the structures are similar
in German, in English, done in Spanish for example.
Here suck the funny stuff, then say your girlfriend is into that street.
Is like literally same structure but in Spanish delegate to know really
by several years a completely different structure
meaning and content viticulture Fuck you dude
completely the same
and in Spanish something very very different.
And here this an example.
I don't know if you can see.
Well,
this is
completely creative creative translation
into Spanish where you can see here in the
translation.
So types of techniques that they use up to four different techniques.
That's while in the English translation, they do not use any
any one because it's completely literally translated.
And also they use more techniques
because there is more variation in these Spanish solutions.
For example, this structure for is translating to Spanish
in different ways what I mean that are
in English for all of them.
And we have also structured the mostly used words in each language.
And as you can see, this one is very much repeated response to in English
and in Spanish, not so much or everything,
because the use, as we said, this is because the they are.
More.
They are on
much more variation in Spanish than in the.
Other in the other.
In the other languages.
Okay.
So now we are seeing some special cases from
ethnic and gender slurs
because they are particularly interesting in the translation
of this serious, as we said,
the general public knowledge of German cultural items
and specific facilities are not the same as they know
of Anglo-Saxon cultures, especially from the United States.
So the the translator
needs to give more information or to improve the translations.
Sometimes
both should just take place in Berlin.
In the districts themselves. They give more information.
They are cultural references in themselves,
which are widely known for German speaking.
People spend, spend, spend.
They are not.
Not well known. And so.
Here we have some.
Samples.
For example, we have some use of neo-Nazi flag.
I of multifunction image
launching in the middle of in Phuket opened
the translation stop is
door kick
it is a term used by two for saying.
Or. Meaning the other especially punk words
and for this translation that the translator
has to say for techniques.
The literal translation would have been this one attacker.
This went through.
But companies, American or international, even up
finding that in Spanish does not mean much.
But in a in
and in English, they have made some rewording.
And that's that's what they have general generalized
some other difficulty
in this kind of language are here for lack of looking.
It is a word that is not in the dictionaries
this very very difficult to to find and
they have
used up generalization both of the of the translator
talks and cannot. And.
We need much more much information
and much documentation to find what it is what it means.
And as to what we realize as translators that there's no
translation possible that gives all the meaning.
So it is very a very
difficult thing to do also.
And again, here, this an example of a complete
omission of the schmutz forced to that would be the associative
dirty feet and in English people, dirty bastard.
Okay.
But in second Spanish, they say they are totally kosher
because of the
the Turkish Lebanese.
And for a foreign a cultural
like ours and
in Berlin there are two different gangs,
Turkish and Lebanese, and they speak differently.
And they use different words and they get very
upset if they are called Lebanese.
Turks have to keep an issue between them.
So it is very important to get these special words for each category
and to understand which one is to each of them
and to use the translation.
So you can see the more the farther away
the original version is from this, from the
target version, the more techniques that they need
to to be used.
For example, here this area is medicine, which is very,
very specific for neo-Nazi groups and Turks
from East Berlin,
which is we have to know also that
in this building, the concentrates also the.
Means.
So achieve the former is really concentrated
the neo-Nazis the group whereas here
it is very curious these to this segment because it is
foreign persons or Turk that is
a laughing about the people
from the former east
like this.
This differentiation between East and west is still present in
in Berlin and in Germany, similar gender symbol.
We have also some examples here with a fascist victory.
20 passes for this.
It will persist for girls and also for for women
and also for homosexual people.
In in English.
There is no problem for
for the translation for this again, but in Spanish there is some
wider variation.
Women out, some in special
scenes with
with the violence
against the women that also have fear
and importance relevance
and also this particular specific
words
that are dedicated to the homosexual people here.
Those are some of the final example that was very in
this to the to a serious there are
many references to the rap
songs to use this in this song.
They have translated for the English version,
caring about the rhythm and about the final
de la la.
Rima And and it is very, very difficult
and very good work of also translation.
So as a conclusion, this
I would say that this
is special language. And.
Taboo and the offensive language,
it is essential for learning
in that in the higher level software
of learning in a German, in German language, concretely
and in general in the foreign languages,
because they need to acquire some social linguistic competence
and the ability to function well in informal context.
And for the students, they need to be able
to identify these translation challenges
and have a thorough knowledge of the target language.
So they know also these techniques
to try to render the meaning the best possible way.
I want to thank to the professionals that have helped me
in some
occasions to understand the original language,
because with the pronunciation it's I had to translate it from the rhythm
and it was very rather difficult and fast final.
I would say that dealing with taboo language is undoubtedly
one of the most delicate issues in the subtitling practice.
That's
very not
if you have any question or comment as
it is for it is not simply the presentation,
it's the first.
And I have to double question for you first
before using that I'm speaking Spanish.
Are good sex transfers or offensive
phrases and conflicts?
And also I'm not sure whether that
yeah, such but
and also I don't know if you consider to be
or in terms of as well because that's provide
you with interesting insight on how the
culture of these terminology
sort of
self-censor sufficiently.
Yeah.
Okay.
Yes well I have I have for the last question,
I have used the in trilingual
subtitles where available because they are not always available.
And I if you if you come to
to the in the
the platforms they offer
some audio description which also is in the original language
which is also very, very interesting to to hear.
But these original subtitles in German are not very
very in many, many platforms.
And not use, for example, HBO.
There's nothing.
That's why I had to record to the to the translator.
But in Netflix and Amazon Prime, they are mostly Jews
and they are very good way to to understand
and to promote and the concerning the others.
I think that the
the English
version is
in the
English in the Spanish version they are some segments
what they are taken out of the
of the subtitles this
taboo language.
But in the
in the last
the last translation that I have seen in the in this brand,
they are not so much taken out as they were before
so they are kept now normally
I understand I have not studied yet,
but I understand that in the Spanish America
they are mostly taken out or they are more soft and
but in Spanish, I don't think that they are most more
often than in the English version.
So any other consumer comment
of Yes,
I would like to thank you for this presentation.
Thank you. I really learned a lot about the.